Cytosolic DNA induces type I interferons and other cytokines that are important for antimicrobial defense but can also result in autoimmunity. This DNA signaling pathway requires the adaptor protein ...

Aside from phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzymes, protein kinases (cAK=cyclic AMP-binding protein kinase, cGK=cyclic GMP-binding protein kinase) have also been identified as important receptors for ...

Oncotarget Volume 11, Issue 30 reported that recent evidence shows that the host innate immunity is also critical in sensing the presence of cytoplasmic DNA derived from genomic instability events, ...

The second messenger cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) plays a pivotal role in bacterial physiology by regulating osmolyte transport, potassium uptake, cell wall integrity and the overall stress response.

The activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is key for antitumor immunity. However, the development of STING agonist-based strategies in cancer ...

The brain on drugs Drugs elevate CREB activity in the nucleus accumbens by activating cyclic AMP pathway, causing protein kinase A to translocate to the nucleus and phosphorylate CREB. Target genes ...

Scientists at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center report the development of an ultrasound-guided cancer immunotherapy platform that generates systemic antitumor immunity and improves the ...

The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to ...

The cGAS–STING pathway is part of the innate immune system and is involved in the detection of cytosolic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Post-detection, this pathway triggers the defense mechanisms that ...