When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. The Inverse Square Law of Illumination has been with us for so long and is commonly taken for ...

Anyone who’s delved into lighting knows that it’s a complex blend of art, craft and science. Within that pillar of science is the formula, which helps us predict how lights spread over distance—The ...

Gravity is the weakest of the fundamental forces, but it’s the only force that operates over very long distances. Hence, planets orbit stars, stars form galaxies, and galaxies cluster. Gravity also ...

One of the things we often just accept about the world is that physical effects get weaker the farther away we get from them. Light sources appear dimmer, the gravitational force gets weaker, magnets ...

Space–time collision Artist’s impression of a black-hole binary system generating gravitational waves. The black holes will eventually merge, and this latest research could improve our understanding ...

The Mathematical Gazette is the original journal of the Mathematical Association and it is now over a century old. Its readership is a mixture of school teachers, college and university lecturers, ...

Newton devised his universal law of gravitation for planets, but does it work at small scales? A search for a deviation from the expected behaviour could provide the first evidence in support of ...

Ars Technica has been separating the signal from the noise for over 25 years. With our unique combination of technical savvy and wide-ranging interest in the technological arts and sciences, Ars is ...