Abstract.The notion of 𝐹—geodesic, which is slightly different from that of 𝐹—planar curve (see [13], [17], and [18]), generalizes the magnetic curves, and implicitly the geodesics, by using any ...

Differential geometry is a pivotal field of mathematics that examines the properties of curves, surfaces and more general manifolds by utilising methods from calculus and linear algebra. Its ...