Recent advances have significantly deepened our understanding of how systems evolve when driven far from equilibrium. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics examines energy flows, dissipation and entropy ...

The study of colloidal systems encompasses a wide range of phenomena associated with particles dispersed in a continuous medium. These systems, which include suspensions, emulsions and foams, exhibit ...

Arguably, almost all truly intriguing systems are ones that are far away from equilibrium -- such as stars, planetary atmospheres, and even digital circuits. But, until now, systems far from thermal ...

Scientists provide solid calculation to demonstrate the structural transformation in colloidal crystallization can be entirely thermodynamic, in contrast to the kinetic argument, from both theoretical ...

Description: The structure, stability, and rheology of biological dispersions, emulsions, and foams are explained in terms of the principles of electrostatics, hydrodynamics, thermodynamics, and ...

The physics of thermodynamics, which involves quantities like heat and entropy, offers well-established tools for determining how far from equilibrium an idealised system of particles is. But when it ...